Strelau Jan, redaktor naukowy Podręcznik akademicki Podstawy psychologii
Nienacki Zbigniew Ksiega strachow
Tom Clancy Patriot Games
ENTER.1996 2001
Edgar Wallace Clue of the Twisted Candle
Jeschke Wolfgang Ostatni dzien stworzenia (2)
PawnofProphecy
022 31 (3)
Anthony Piers Zaklecie kameleona t.2
Flagg Fennie Smazone zielone pomidory (3)
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.The roman text is drawnupright, and oblique text has characters sheared to the right.The italic text is similar to oblique text, but the characters are touched up to show a smoother effect.You may also have reverse oblique (ro) and reverse italic (ri), which make the text leanto the left instead of the right.The p stands for the point size, which traditionally is 1/72 of an inch.Most monitors support only 75 or 100 dots per inch (dpi) resolution.Because X fonts are bitmaps, it seems logical that the most common fonts within X are of two types: 75dpi and100dpi.This number is found in the two fields hr and vr, which stand for the horizontal and vertical resolution, respectively.In almost all cases, you specify either 75 or 100 in each of these fields.The sp refers to the spacing between two characters on the screen.This can be m for monospaced, p for proportional, or c for fixed fonts that have each character occupy a fixed box.The ave is 1/10 of the average width of all the characters in the set.The character set and style is usually set to ISO8859-1.This refers to the ISO Latin-1 character set, which includes characters found in ASCII and other European character sets.Now that you've seen the large number of options that can define a font, you can rely on using wildcards to specify most of the options for a font.The server matches the first font name that matches your specification with a wildcard.In other words,you only have to specify the parameters you want to change, and use the asterisk for the rest.For example, *courier-roman gets the first specification for the roman-weighted Courier font.However, *courier gets the bold Courier font.This is because the bold specification exists before the roman specification in the fonts file.Use the xset fp=fontpath command to set the directory (75 or 100 dpi) you want searched first in the front of the font path.This guarantees that the correct dpi size directory is searched first.The font search path is the path used by the server to search for the fonts in your system.This path is usually set to the following value:/usr/lib/X11/fonts/misc,/usr/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi,/usr/lib/X11/fonts/100dpiIn each of these directories is a file called fonts.dir.This is a list of all the fonts in the directory, and has two entries per line.The first entry gives a font filename; the second entry gives the complete font description.The first line in thefile gives the number of entries in the file.Font names are not case-sensitive.New Century Schoolbook is the same as new century schoolbook.You can create another file in the font path to alias your own font names by using the file called fonts.alias.The server uses only the first one it finds in its path, so just keep one such file in the first directory in your font path.The fonts.aliasformat is very similar to the fonts.dir file, except that the first entry is not a filename; it is an alias for a font name.So, if you want to specify a special font type for all your editor xterms, you need the following line:editterm *lucida-medium-r-*-100*Then, you can invoke your xterm with this command:xterm -fn editterm &This gets an xterm window with the desired font, and is a lot better than typing in the full font specification.Also, by changing the alias once, you can change it for all scripts that use this alias, rather than modifying each script individually.A good place to start is the /usr/lib/X11/fonts/misc directory, where a fonts.alias exists from your initial X installation.This file has the fixed and variable aliases defined for you to work with.Using xfontselThe xfontsel program helps you get a better feel for some of the parameters of a particular font.(See Figure 23.11.)Figure 23.11.Using xfontsel.You can move your pointer to any one of the parameters in the first line and click Button1.As you move the pointer on a field, it draws a box around itself to show that it has focus.If any fonts options exist for your selection, you are presented with a pop-up menu to select from.Move the mouse to a selection, and click on the selection.You see your selection displayed in the font specification string, as well as a sample of whatthe font will look like on the fonts display screen below that.Where to Go from HereIn Chapter 32, "Motif for Programmers," you will learn how to program your application.If you want more information about specific vendors, you can get a wealth of information from the Internet about the latest releases and sources to shareware utilities.Listed in Table 23.3 are some of the newsgroups that can provide you with moreinformation about vendors [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
