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Kratochvil Stanisław Psychoterapia Kierunki metody badania (2)
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.By selectingmore than one cast member, the "i" button shows youthe combined total.Remember, vector graphics only need to define lines, angles, shapes,and other "drawing" features.This will almost alwaysresult in smaller file size than bitmap graphics that need todefine every pixel of an image.Refer to the sidebar, Bit Mapversus Vector Graphics, in chapter 2, "Suggested Tools,"for more on the differences.TilingTiling is a useful feature in creating nice backgrounds usingvery little file space.If you have ever used the <bodybackground="filename"> tag, you are familiarwith tiling, or repeating an image over and over throughout acertain area.Director comes with eight built-in tiles, most ofwhich are fairly basic.But you can create your own tiles froma cast member.See the example in chapter 8, "Special Effectsand Other Shockwave Techniques," for more information onthe tile feature.TextText compresses very nicely with Afterburner.You may be temptedto create text in your graphics program and import it as a bitmap, but if this isn't essential, you can use Director's toolto create text.Version 5 of Director has improved the text featuresto offer anti-aliased text.When using the text tool in Director5, the text is merged into the stage like a bit map so that theuser does not need to have the same fonts installed on his orher system.However, the field tool (which allows text to be modifiedby lingo or by the user) leaves the text as a certain font, size,style, and so on.It's important to remember that the viewer maynot (and probably doesn't) have the same fonts installed on hisor her system.It's best to stick to the standard fonts availableon most computers when you use fields.Shockwave will automaticallyselect a similar font when the movie is created on one platformand played on another.Table 4.2 shows some common fonts for Windowsand Macintosh.Table 4.2 Standard FontsWindowsMacintoshArialHelveticaCourierCourierMS SerifNew YorkMS Sans SerifGenevaSymbolSymbolSystemChicagoTerminalMonacoTimes New RomanTimesTipIf you're counting every kilobyte and want to reduce a few more, here's an easy way.Director has a default font mapping table that it uses (and that Afterburner uses) for every movie, whether it uses fonts or not.By specifying your own font map, one thatis nearly empty, you can slim the final.DCR file by a few K.First, create a simple text file with almost nothing in it.A semicolon indicates a comment, so one of these is fine.Next, go to Movie Info in Director and declare this text file to be your font map.Save your movie.That's all you have to do!If you do use fonts, but want your own font mapping table, read the font map text file (fontmap.txt on Windows systems).It will explain more on how to do this.Then you can delete all of the Macromedia comments to have your own bare-bones font map.SoundAudio can be a great addition to your Director movie if it's usedefficiently.A good sound effect can turn a dull animation intoa fun enhancement.However, sounds take up a significant amountof space in the movie.Afterburner for Director 5 will compressthe audio, but don't expect miracles.For lengthy audio, you maydecide to stream the audio file separately.See chapter 18, "Shockwavefor Audio," to learn how to do this.Keep the length short.Every second of audio can rack up the Kilobytesof the final movie.If possible, use sounds that can be looped.Four beats of music can sound like a whole soundtrack if loopedwell.You may wish to choose sounds that are useful in more thanone situation in the movie.High sampling rates mean big file size.You may have a fantasticsound clip that is stereo, 16 bits, and 44.100 KHz; but a three-secondsound at that rate would be 516K! Reducing to mono, 8- bit, 11.025kHz is most space-conscious.If the audio sounds too awful atthat rate, use 22.050 kHz.Though you may be able to reduce asound to lower than 11.025 kHz, certain sound cards may have difficultywith this.NoteAgain, remember your viewers.I once worked with a guy who had a little "blip" sound every time he pressed a key on his keyboard.It was fine for him, but it would drive me crazy after ten minutes.If you loop a sound, give an option to turn itoff or fade it out after a while.Just about every sound effect collection has the ever-popular vomiting, toilet-flushing, and slip-on-a-banana-peel slide whistle.But not everyone will love those sounds as much as you do.Currently, Shockwave offers no support for MIDI.It could be veryefficient in terms of file size, but may not be practical sincethere are so many different sound cards with different MIDI instrumentseither built in or connected.Unless a standard map were used,you could never be really sure if your piano sound ended up asa piano or a clarinet.But I've been surprised enough to knowthat I shouldn't say something is impossible.It could be thatMIDI will soon join the Internet multimedia gang.Testing Your MoviesBe sure to test your Shockwave creations at the lowest commondenominator.You may have a 166 MHz Pentium with 64M of RAM anda 28.8 Kbps modem.However, your grandmother-old-fashioned asshe may be-still has a 486 66 MHz computer with 8M of RAM anda 14.4 Kbps modem.To evaluate your movie, be sure to test iton the slowest system you think viewers may have.Testing on bothWindows and Macintosh platforms is important, too, to be sureeverything works for all viewers.You may decide to leave Grandmain the dust and make a 500K Shockwave file that runs only on high-performancemachines, but the size of your audience will be limited.From Here…You're learning that there are a lot of things to keep in mindwhen creating Shockwave files for the Internet.The reward ofthe Internet is that so many people can all view the same information,but the limitation is that you have a large audience to consider.Chapter 5 "Limitations of Shockwave and the Web":Further limitations of Shockwave on the Web and ways of dealingwith them.Part II, "Creating Basic Animations": Beginningwith Shockwave, we'll start with a few basic animations to enhanceyour site.Chapter 6 "Liven Up a Page: Animations for Fun":From start to finish, you'll step through the process of creatingand putting a Shockwave file on your Web page [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
